New START Treaty | UPSC
HEADLINES:
Putin wants New START treaty extended
WHY IN NEWS:
President Vladimir Putin on Friday proposed a one-year extension without conditions of the last major nuclear arms reduction accord between Russia and the U.S.
SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3: Defence : Treaty
LEARNING:
For PRELIMS just take down important notes like – Limitations of the treaty and the aggregates mentioned below .
For MAINS do you think New Start Treaty is the most successful treaty of this decade when we talk about nuclear warheads ?
ISSUE:
NEW START TREATY
TREATY STRUCTURE
- The Treaty between the United States of America and the Russian Federation .
- The aim is on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms also known as the New START Treaty.
STRATEGIC OFFENSIVE REDUCTIONS
- The New START Treaty, entered into force on February 5, 2011.
- Under the Treaty, the United States and Russia must meet the Treaty’s central limits on strategic arms by February 5, 2018.
- Seven years from the date the Treaty entered into force.
- These limits are based on the rigorous analysis conducted by Department of Defense planners in support of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review.
AGGREGATE LIMITS
- 700 deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), deployed submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs).
- 800 deployed and non-deployed ICBM launchers, SLBM launchers, and heavy bombers equipped for nuclear armaments.
VERIFICATION AND TRANSPARENCY
- The Treaty has a verification regime that combines appropriate elements of the 1991 START Treaty with new elements tailored to the limitations .
Verification measures under the Treaty include:
- On-site inspections and exhibitions
- Provisions to facilitate the use of national technical means for treaty monitoring.
- To increase confidence and transparency, the Treaty also provides for an annual exchange of telemetry on an agreed number of ICBM and SLBM launches.
TREATY DURATION
- The Treaty’s duration is ten years, unless superseded by a subsequent agreement.
- The Treaty includes a withdrawal clause that is standard in arms control agreements.
- The 2002 Moscow Treaty terminated when the New START Treaty entered into force.
NO CONSTRAINTS
- Also it does not include planned U.S. missile defense programs or long-range conventional strike capabilities.
IASbhai WINDUP:
The New START Treaty provides for 18 on-site inspections per year.
There are two basic types of inspections.
- TYPE ONE INSPECTIONS : Focus on sites with deployed and non-deployed strategic systems
- TYPE TWO INSPECTIONS : Focus on sites with only non-deployed strategic systems.
- The re-entry vehicles (RVs) can be covered by the host nation to protect sensitive information, but the actual number of RVs must be evident to the inspectors.
- These inspections are designed to help deter both sides from deploying a missile with more than its declared number of warheads.
- New START does not limit new types of ballistic missiles, and thus the old START formula for extensive telemetry sharing was no longer necessary.
SOURCES:THE HINDU & PIB | New START Treaty | UPSC
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