Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 Report (GBO-5) 2020 | UPSC
HEADLINES:
Leaked UN report on biodiversity calls for 8 changes to save planet
WHY IN NEWS:
These include positive actions for forests, agriculture, food systems, climate, health, fisheries, oceans and cities
SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3: Reports
LEARNING:
For PRELIMS remember the publisher . CBD already has been asked in Prelims . Go through the actions missed and the report overview . Make a note in your Prelims book .
For MAINS go through suggested reading once and revise all the targets .
ISSUE:
GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY OUTLOOK REPORT
TITLE
Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 Report (GBO-5)
PUBLISHED BY
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
TIMELINE
- The Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 report or GBO-5 is to be released on September 15, 2020.
- This time the report is leaked out before the expected time.
- The fifth such report was expected to be launched on the sidelines of the CBD subsidiary body meetings in May 2020.
- Those events were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
OVERVIEW
- Global Biodiversity Outlook is expected to provide a summary of the status of biological diversity.
- The report also benefits the use of genetic resources are shared equitably.
KEY POINTS
- The GBO-5 is an overview of the state of nature.
- The fourth GBO was released in October 2014 and provided a mid-term assessment of progress towards the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity’s Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.
- The second meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) called for the preparation of a periodic report on biological diversity: the Global Biodiversity Outlook (GBO)
- 20 global biodiversity targets were included in the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity for the 2011-2020 period adopted by the 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties of CBD.
OBSERVATIONS
- What the world needed was a shift from business-as-usual.
- This transformation needed to take place in all human activities that were interlinked with natural resources.
- This shift was crucial, the report added as natural resources would continue to decline and the world would not be able to meet the UN-mandated Sustainable Development Goals.
- The GBO-5 suggested eight types of shift that need to be implemented to achieve the 2050 Vision for Biodiversity.
These include:
- TRANSITION WITHIN LAND AND FORESTS: The report called the restoration of all forests that had been degraded. It also urged restoring local ecosystems.
- SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: Farmers would have to reduce the use of chemicals and instead focus more on agroecological farming practices.
- SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS : The report urged people to eat healthier, plant-based food and less meat.
- SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT : It also called for focussing on the problem of food wastage within the supply chain and household.
- CLIMATE ACTION: The report called for nature-based solutions to reduce climate change
- ONE HEALTH : Agricultural and urban ecosystems, as well as wildlife should be managed in an integrated manner.
IASbhai WINDUP:
Sustainable management of fisheries, oceans and freshwater as well as sustainable development of cities and infrastructure were the other areas in which the shift needed to take place.
SOURCES:DownToEarth | Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 Report (GBO-5) 2020
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