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Dear Aspirants
IASbhai Current Affairs News Analysis | Prelims & Mains 2020-21 is an initiative to dilute major articles from leading Newspapers in India which are most relevant to UPSC preparation –‘THE HINDU, LIVEMINT , INDIAN EXPRESS’ and help millions of readers who find difficulty in answer writing and making notes everyday. Hence we choose articles on daily basis and analyse them with respect to UPSC PRELIMS 2021.

“Everything has beauty, but not everyone can see.” – Confucius

HIGHLIGHT INFO:

ORANGE COLOUR: Important for Prelims.

RED COLOUR: Important for Mains.

BLACK COLOUR: Must Read !

BLUE COLOUR : Important Links/Survey.

PINK COLOUR: Reports/Themes/Summits.

7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis | Prelims & Mains 2021

Today's Must Read Articles : Today's Must Read Articles :

2ND NATIONAL WATER AWARDS 2020 

PMEGP SCHEME

GLOBAL INITIATIVE OF ACADEMIC NETWORKS

Fast radio bursts detected in the Milky Way

      HEADLINES:

Fast radio bursts detected in the Milky Way for the first time

      WHY IN NEWS:

  • It is the latest studies, published in a recent edition of the journal Nature.
  • The latest studies reported that two radio telescopes, one in the United States and the other in Canada detected a FRB on April 28 this year.
SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3: Space

      ISSUE: 

The superpower blasts of radio waves, ascribed to sources ranging from alien ships to colliding black holes, are actually generated by dead stars known as magnetars

7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

An artist's impression of a magnetar. Photo: Wikimedia Commons An artist’s impression of a magnetar.SOURCES : WIKIPEDIA

FAST RADIO BURSTS

Intense pulses of radio waves known as fast radio bursts (FRB) that have been frequently detected in other galaxies, have now been found in the Milky Way.

  • FRBs were first discovered in 2007 and there are still many gaps in information regarding them.

DIFFERENT THEORIES

  • A number of theories have been suggested about the causes of FRBs including alien starships and colliding black holes.
  • Many theories have also suggested that FRBs are caused by neutron stars, that are the corpses of stars which died in explosions called supernovas.
  • Neutron stars are formed when the core of a massive star undergoes gravitational collapse when it reaches the end of its life.

It has now been confirmed that FRBs are in fact generated by a rare type of neutron star known as a ‘magnetar’.

MAGNETARS

  • Magnetars are the most powerful magnets in the cosmos.
  • Their magnetic fields are 5,000 trillion times more powerful than that of the Earth.

It was named FRB 200428.

  • The source of the FRB was traced to a magnetar known as SGR 1935+2154, located about 30,000 light-years from the earth.
  • It lies in the centre of the Milky Way, in the constellation Vulpecula.
  • The FRB generated by this magnetar was so powerful that it emitted as much energy in one millisecond as the sun does in 30 seconds.

      IASbhai WINDUP: 

  • The FRB was not only the closest such signal ever recorded near the Earth.
  • It was also 3,000 times brighter than any other magnetar radio signal detected till now.
  • The scientists also concluded that most FRBs in other galaxies also were generated by magnetars.
     SOURCES:  DownToEarth  | 7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

India-Italy Virtual Summit

      HEADLINES:

India-Italy Virtual Summit

      WHY IN NEWS:

A Virtual Bilateral Summit between Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi and Prime Minister of Italy Prof. Giuseppe Conte was held on 6th November, 2020.

SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 2 : IR

      ISSUE: 

15 MoUs/Agreements in various sectors such as energy, fisheries, ship building, design etc.were signed coinciding with the Summit.

INDIA-ITALY RELATIONS

  • Prime Minister Prof. Conte extended invitation to Prime Minister Modi to visit Italy as soon as conditions permit.

The Summit provided an opportunity to the two leaders to comprehensively review the broad framework of the bilateral relationship.

  • The two leaders reaffirmed their commitment to strengthen cooperation against common global challenges, including the Covid-19 pandemic.

India welcomed Italy’s decision to join ISA as soon as the ratification process is completed.

  • The leaders discussed a wide range of issues including political, economic, scientific & technological, space and defence cooperation.
  • On regional and international issues, both sides agreed to coordinate closely at multilateral fora especially G-20.
  • Italy will assume the Presidency of G-20 in December 2021 followed by India in 2022.

      IASbhai WINDUP: 

  • Together, India and Italy will be part of the G20 Troika from December, 2020.
     SOURCES:  PIB  | 7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

All India Drug Action Network (AIDAN)

      HEADLINES:

NPPA plays crucial role in making Cancer Drugs affordable

      WHY IN NEWS:

Following NPPA’s price rationalisation initiated in February 2019, 526 brands of 42 anti-cancer drugs showed price reduction up to 90%

MINISTRY? :- Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3 : Application of Nano Medicines

      ISSUE: 

Based on the feed-back received from the pharmaceutical companies after implementation of the NPPA notification, it was observed that under this exercise 526 brands of 42 anti cancer drugs showed price reduction up to 90%.

  • All India Drug Action Network (AIDAN) has also appreciated the steps taken by NPPA to curb profiteering in sale of anti-cancer medicines by capping the trade margin in public interest.

ALL INDIA DRUG ACTION NETWORK

  • All India Drug Action Network (AIDAN) is an independent network of several non government organizations working to increase access and improve the rational use of essential medicines.
  • AIDAN and its partners recognize that poverty and social injustice are the greatest barriers to health and sustainable development.

AIDAN WORKS

  • To promote the essential medicines concept.

A fewer than 350 medicines are necessary to treat more than 90% of health problems requiring medicines.

  • To ensuring that they are available at affordable prices when treatment is needed, especially for the poor.
  • For greater transparency in all aspects of decision making around pharmaceuticals.
  • To promote the rational use of medicines: that all medicines marketed should meet real medical needs and offer value for money.
  • For better controls on drug promotion and the provision of balanced, independent information for prescribers and consumers

      IASbhai WINDUP: 

  • Today also cancer remains as one of the leading causes of adult illness and death due to chronic and non-communicable diseases (NCD) world-over including in India.
  • There were around 0.8 million cancer deaths in India in 2018 against 9.5 million globally.
     SOURCES:  PIB  | 7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI)

      HEADLINES:

Need emergency action to avert measles and polio epidemics, warn UN bodies

      WHY IN NEWS:

$655 million would be needed to address the immunity gaps in non-Gavi eligible countries and target age groups

SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3:Diseases

      ISSUE: 

Failure to eradicate polio would lead to global resurgence of the disease, resulting in as many as 200,000 new cases annually, within 10 years- WHO .

WHAT IS POLIO?

  • Polio is a crippling and potentially deadly disease that affects the nervous system.
  • Polio, or poliomyelitis, is a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus.
  • The virus spreads from person to person and can infect a person’s spinal cord, causing paralysis (can’t move parts of the body).

GLOBAL POLIO ERADICATION INITIATIVE (GPEI)

  • Global Polio Eradication Initiative is to complete the eradication and containment of all wild, vaccine-related and Sabin polioviruses.

GPEI mission is that no child ever again suffers paralytic poliomyelitis.

  • The World Health Assembly passed a resolution to eradicate polio in 1988.
  • The Global Polio Eradication Initiative, along with its partners, has helped countries to make huge progress in protecting the global population from this debilitating disease.

As a result, global incidence of polio has decreased by 99.9% since GPEI’s foundation.

  • An estimated 16 million people today are walking who would otherwise have been paralysed by the disease.
  • Now the task remains to tackle polio in its last few strongholds and get rid of the final 0.1% of polio cases.

SITUATION IN INDIA

  • India was declared polio-free in January 2014, after three years of zero cases.

It is an achievement by the successful pulse polio campaign in which all children were administered polio drops.

  • The last case due to wild poliovirus in the country was detected on January 13, 2011.

RECENT OUTBREAK

  • Pakistan and Afghanistan are among the two countries where polio is still endemic.

Since April, around 40 million children missed the polio vaccination due to the cancellation of vaccination campaign in Pakistan.

  • Failure to eradicate polio would lead to global resurgence of the disease, resulting in as many as 200,000 new cases annually, within 10 years- WHO .

      IASbhai WINDUP: 

  • We cannot allow the fight against one deadly disease to cause us to lose ground in the fight against other diseases.
  • Other deadly diseases also threaten the lives of millions of children in some of the poorest areas of the world.
  • We need additional financial resources to safely resume vaccination campaigns and prioritize immunization systems that are critical to protect children and avert other epidemics besides COVID-19.
  • COVID-19 has had a devastating effect on health services and in particular immunisation services, worldwide.

But unlike with COVID-19, we have the tools and knowledge to stop diseases such as polio and measles.

  • What we need are the resources and commitments to put these tools and knowledge into action.
  • If we do that, children’s lives will be saved.
     SOURCES:  DownToEarth  | 7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

Cybersecurity breach

      HEADLINES:

Another Indian pharmaceutical giant reports cybersecurity breach within two weeks of ransomware hack on Dr Reddy’s

      WHY IN NEWS:

Indian pharmaceutical company Lupin confirms ‘security incident’-Lupin

SYLLABUS COVERED: GS 3: Cyber Security

      ISSUE: 

Indian pharmaceutical company Lupin has confirmed an ‘information security incident’ that has affected multiple internal systems.

  • The incident comes within weeks of a ransomware attack on Dr Reddy’s Laboratories.

The average cost of a data breach in the healthcare industry is $7.3 million — 84% higher than the global average across all sectors.

  • Another leading Indian pharmaceutical, Lupin, has reported a cybersecurity attack on its IT systems .
  • The attack also reportedly forced the company to shut down its manufacturing facilities across the world to minimise the attack’s impact.

HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY VS DATA BREACHES

  • The incidence of hackers trying to breach the firewalls of the healthcare industry have only increased during the coronavirus pandemic.
  • To be fair, the Indian healthcare industry isn’t particularly careful about connecting to the internet.
  • “Financially motivated criminal groups continue to target this industry via ransomware attacks,” – Verizon’s annual Data Breach Investigations Report 2020.

To make matters worse, the average cost of a cybersecurity breach in the healthcare industry is higher than any other sector at a whopping $7.3 million.

7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

This year was a 10% increase over 2019 and 84% higher than the global average.SOURCES : IBM

      IASbhai WINDUP: 

  • While some data breaches can be attributed to human error or a system glitch, already 50% of them in the healthcare sector are due to malicious attacks.

The healthcare industry also takes the longest amount of time to detect a breach and then contain the attack.

  • IBM pegs the average time to around 329 days — that’s nearly a full year of data being exposed.
     SOURCES:  THE IE | 7th Nov Current Affairs News Analysis

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