20th NOVEMBER-DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS+PIB-IASbhai

IASbhai DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS + PIB: 20th NOVEMBER

“DON’T WAIT. THE TIME WILL NEVER BE JUST RIGHT.” ― NAPOLEON HILL

Page Contents:

Drought prediction survey 2019-20

HEADLINES:

Prolonged rains help tackle drought

WHY IN NEWS?

Survey predicts dip in number of villages facing water scarcity in 2020

SYLLABUS COVERED: 
GS 3:Environment:Effects:Impact of Deforestation on Indian Monsoon

LEARNING:

For PRELIMS the observations made in this survey are very important.

For MAINS the analysis of whole issue is very important keeping ground water percolation in mind.

OBSERVATIONS:

Who releases it ?

Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency (GSDA) of the State government.

Key takeways :

689 villages in 14 tehsils of the State could face water scarcity in 2020.
Entire Konkan region including Mumbai, Kolhapur, Bhandara, Gondia, and Gadchiroli fall in the region which received more than 1200 mm rainfall.
While Pune, Satara, Nasik, Nandurbar, Latur, Parbhani, Hingoli, Nanded, Amaravati, Washim, Yavatmal, Nagpur, Wardha and Chandrapur receieve around 1200 mm to 700 mm rainfall.
The rest of the State falls in the less than 700 mm rainfall category.

How they measured ?

“Earlier, the prediction was broadly based on merely 32,00 observation wells.These were geo-tagged with Maharashtra Remote Sensing Application Centre.

Geography:

Considering the geography of Maharashtra, 28% area is a highly dissected plateau, which includes Konkan, western ghats and other hilly regions.
At least 44% area is moderately dissected plateau with medium water seepage capacity.
The rest of the 28% area is undissected plateau and/or valley fill where groundwater availability is higher.

While the prolonged rains in Maharashtra have led to destruction of crops in many parts of the State, it has also given authorities a breather in tackling drought.

IASbhai Windup:

82% of the State consists of balsamic rock which has the capacity to store merely 1 to 3% water. Metamorphic rock covers 10% region which too does not hold water. Of the remaining 8%, around 5.5% is sedimentary rock while rest is alluvium where water storage is considerably good, around 5 to 10%.

SOURCES: THE HINDU

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Warkaris

HEADLINES:

Two warkaris killed, 15 hurt in road mishap near Pune.

WHY IN NEWS?

Fatal accident ! But here there is something important.

SYLLABUS COVERED: 
GS 1:Culture:Bhakti movement

LEARNING:

For PRELIMS you have to look for who are warkaris.

For MAINS make a small note ion your culture book regarding the same.

ISSUE:

Who are Warkari ?

Warkari (meaning ‘the one who performs the Wari’).
A religious movement) within the bhakti spiritual tradition of Vaishnavite Hinduism, geographically associated with the Indian state of Maharashtra.

Credits:Wikipedia

Whom they worship ?

Vithoba the presiding deity of Pandharpur, regarded as a form of Krishna.

Also known as Saints and gurus of the bhakti movement associated with the Warkaris include Dnyaneshwar, Namdev, Chokhamela, Eknath, and Tukaram, Gadge Maharaj all of whom are accorded the title of Sant.

So what is this movement all about ?

The Warkari movement includes the worship Vithoba and a duty-based approach towards life emphasising moral behavior and strict avoidance of alcohol and tobacco.
The adoption of a strict lacto-vegetarian diet and fasting on Ekadashi day (twice a month).
Self-restraint (brahmacharya) during student life
Equality and humanity for all rejecting discrimination based on the caste system or wealth.
The reading of Hindu texts.
The recitation of the Haripath every day and the regular practice of bhajan and kirtan.

IASbhai Windup:

The Warkari tradition has been part of Hindu culture in Maharashtra since the thirteenth-century CE, when it formed as a panth (community of people with shared spiritual beliefs and practices) during the Bhakti movement.

SOURCES: THE HINDU

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Solar eclipse

HEADLINES:

Clear look at solar eclipse in Cheruvathur

WHY IN NEWS?

Kasaragod site will have first view of the Dec. 26 phenomenon in India

SYLLABUS COVERED: 
GS 1:Geography:Chapter:Earth

LEARNING:

For PRELIMS have to look upon the facts related to Solar eclipses.

For MAINS take down some notes for GS 1

ISSUE:

The people of Kasaragod district will have a rare opportunity to witness the December 26 solar eclipse first in all of India. Cheruvathur here is one of the three places in the world where the eclipse will be most clearly seen.
The annular solar eclipse will be fully visible in Cheruvathur.
Observers will be able to experience the “ring of fire” that is characteristic for this kind of solar eclipse.

So what is Ring of fire here? Also known as Annular Eclipse. The name “annular” comes from the Latin word for ring, “annulus.” These eclipses are named for their darkest, or maximum, point even if it only lasts less than a second. If the characteristic ring of fire is visible from even just one location, the whole eclipse is called an annular solar eclipse.

IASbhai Windup:

Read some facts about Solar Eclipse here: https://space-facts.com/solar-eclipse/

SOURCES: THE HINDU

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Annual report on road accidents

HEADLINES:

‘53 road crashes, 17 deaths per hour in 2018’

WHY IN NEWS?

Over-speeding is a major killer, followed by driving on the wrong side, says annual government report

SYLLABUS COVERED: 
GS 3:Infrastructure:road

LEARNING:

For PRELIMS road safety report is important , except the numbers here.

For MAINS just use some facts in answers properly.

ISSUE:

Who releases? The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways Key facts :

More than 1.5 lakh people lost their lives in road crashes in the country in 2018, registering an increase of 2.4%.
Daily average of 1,280 road crashes and 415 deaths.
This translates into 53 crashes and the loss of 17 lives every hour.
India is the most unsafe country in the world for road users across 199 countries, as reported by the Geneva-based World Road Federation’s World Road Statistics 2018.
Over-speeding is a major killer, accounting for 64.4% of the persons killed.
Top Countries :INDIA>CHINA>USA
Top states : TN>MP > UP

IASbhai Windup:

A lot of States that have opposed the implementation of the Motor Vehicles Amendment Act are amongst the States with the highest road crash fatalities. The data highlights the urgent need on part of the States to implement safety provisions of the Motor Vehicles Amendment Act, 2019.”

SOURCES: THE HINDU

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Pegasus spyware

HEADLINES:

House panel to take up spyware issue

WHY IN NEWS?

Officials summoned for meeting today

SYLLABUS COVERED: 
GS 3:Cyber Security:Malware

LEARNING:

For PRELIMS everything related to pegasus is important

For MAINS address this issue with respect to cyber security.

ISSUE:

Birth of this spyware:

Israel # NSO company

Which software tool was used to detect malware by whatsapp ?

The surveillance was carried out using a spyware tool called Pegasus, which has been developed by an Israeli firm, the NSO Group.
The surveillance was carried out “between in and around April 2019 and May 2019” on users in 20 countries across four continents, WhatsApp said in its complaint.
Surveillance “targeted at least 100 human-rights defenders, journalists and other members of civil society across the world”

Pegasus:

Pegasus works by sending an exploit link, and if the target user clicks on the link, the malware or the code that allows the surveillance is installed on the user’s phone.
Once Pegasus is installed, the attacker has complete access to the target user’s phone.
It has ability to access password-protected devices, being totally transparent to the target, leaving no trace on the device, consuming minimal battery, memory and data so as to not arouse suspicion in more alert users, a self-destruct mechanism in case of risk of exposure, and ability to retrieve any file for deeper analysis.

Zero-day exploit: (A “zero-day exploit” is a completely unknown vulnerability, about which even the software manufacturer is not aware, and there is, thus, no patch or fix available for it. In the specific cases of Apple and WhatsApp, therefore, neither company was aware of the security vulnerability, which was used to exploit the software and take over the device.) IASbhai Windup:

SOURCES: THE HINDU

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